By 謝忠理 on Thursday, 16 March 2023
Category: 托福口說

BBC 6 分鐘英語—Food and mood 食物與情緒

有時我們吃到了美味無比的食物,整天的心情都會變好,但若是踩雷吃到難吃的東西,就會讓人悶悶不樂。雖然這已經是每個人都會有的親身體驗,但是在科學上要如何證明?一起來聽聽 BBC 6 分鐘英語對這個話題的討論。

Food and mood 食物與情緒

BBC 6 分鐘英語在 2023 年 03 月 16 日播出的節目 中討論的是食物與情緒。

我們吃的東西和我們的情緒之間的存在著關聯性,而此種關係的科學研究正在逐漸增加。BBC 6 分鐘英語的主持人薩姆和羅伯在本次節目中將調查我們的食物和我們的情緒之間的聯繫。我們將聽到健康的飲食如何讓我們感覺更為美好。同時和往常一樣,節目主持人也教導聽眾一些相關詞彙與表達方式。

本周的問題

身體的總能量中有多少是由大腦消耗的?是
a) 10%
b) 20%
c) 30%。

詞彙

emotional eating 情緒化飲食
因情緒化而吃很多食物,而不是因為飢餓。

appetite 食慾
你想吃東西的感覺;對食物的渴望

grab and go 拿起就走
當你沒有太多時間時,迅速拿起東西的動作。

bananas 香蕉
(俚語) 愚蠢;瘋狂

roll your eyes 翻白眼
把眼睛往上移,以表示惱怒、無聊或不相信。

patronising 傲慢無禮
對某人說話或表現得好像他們很愚蠢或不重要。

中英文稿謄本

BBC 6 minute English – Food and mood

點此看英文原稿

Sam
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I’m Sam.

Rob
And I’m Rob.

Sam
When someone feels sad or in a bad mood, they often try to feel better by eating their favourite food… I usually go for a peanut butter sandwich myself. Do you have a favourite comfort food, Rob?

Rob
Hmm, maybe a cream chocolate eclair… Comfort food is a type of emotional eating – eating lots of food because we feel sad, not because we’re hungry. But unfortunately, most comfort food is high in carbohydrates and sugar and, after a few minutes, it leaves us feeling even worse than before.

Sam
Today, scientific research into the relationship between what we eat and how we feel is growing. In this programme, we’ll be investigating the connection between our food and our mood. We’ll hear how healthy eating makes us feel better, and of course, we’ll be learning some new vocabulary as well.

Rob
Great! But first I have a question for you, Sam. People who link what we eat with how we feel make a simple argument: the food you eat supplies nutrients and energy to the brain, and the brain controls our emotions. Now, that might sound simplistic, but the brain is a vital link in the connection between food and our mood. So, Sam, my question is: how much of the body’s total energy is used up by the brain? Is it:
a) 10 percent
b) 20 percent or
c) 30 percent?

Sam
Hmmm, that's a good question. I’ll say it’s a) 10 percent.

Rob
Right. Well, I’ll reveal the answer later in the programme. Emotional eating is often caused by feelings of depression, anxiety or stress. Chef Danny Edwards, who has suffered with depression, works in one of the most stressful places imaginable - a busy restaurant kitchen. BBC World Service programme, The Food Chain, asked Danny about his eating habits at work:

Danny Edwards
Actually, when you’re working in a kitchen environment for long periods, your appetite can become suppressed because you sometimes don't want to eat, or you don't feel like you can stop and eat, and all of that. So, it very often is grabbing something on the go which obviously, as we know, is not great for us… So you go for something that’s quick, so hence why a lot of chefs have quite a bad diet.

Sam
Even though he’s surrounded by food, Danny says that working under stress actually decreases his appetite – the feeling that you want to eat food. In a busy kitchen there’s no time for a sit-down meal, so Danny has to grab and go – take something quickly because he doesn’t have much time, although he knows this isn’t very healthy.

Rob
So when even chefs have a difficult relationship with food, what about the rest of us? Professor Felice Jacka, is an expert in nutritional psychiatry. She studied the effect of eating a healthy diet – food such as fresh fruit and vegetables, wholegrain cereals, and olive oil – on people suffering depression. Professor Jacka found that the patients whose mental health improved were the same patients who had also improved their diet.

Sam
But Professor Jacka’s ideas were not accepted by everyone. Here, she explains to Jordan Dunbar, presenter of BBC World Service’s, The Food Chain, about the opposition her study faced from other doctors:

Prof Felice Jacka
So I proposed to do this for my PhD study, and everyone thought I was a bit bananas, you know, and there was quite a bit of, I guess, eye rolling maybe. I'm not surprised by that because the discipline of psychiatry was very medication- and brain-focused.

Jordan Dunbar
What did people say in the field? Were they sceptical?

Prof Felice Jacka
Oh, hugely sceptical and sometimes very patronising. But this again comes from the fact that general practitioners, psychiatrists, medical specialists get almost no nutrition training through all those years of study.

Rob
When Professor Jacka investigated the link between food and mood, her colleagues thought she was bananas – a slang word meaning silly or crazy. They rolled their eyes – a phrase which describes the gesture of turning your eyes upwards to express annoyance, boredom or disbelief.

Sam
Other colleagues were patronising – they behaved towards her as if she were stupid or unimportant. Professor Jacka thinks this is because most doctors have little or no training about nutrition and the effect of food on mental health. But her ground-breaking research, named ‘The Smile Trial’, has been successfully repeated elsewhere, clearly showing the link between eating well and feeling good.

Rob
So the next time you’re feeling down and your brain is calling out for a donut, you might be better eating an apple instead! And speaking of brains, Sam, it’s time to reveal the answer to my question.

Sam
Yes, you asked me how much of the body’s energy is used up by the brain. I guessed it was ten percent…

Rob
Well, I'm afraid you are wrong. In fact, around twenty percent of the body’s energy goes to feeding the brain, even though it only makes up two percent of our total body weight. OK, let’s recap the vocabulary we’ve learned from our discussion about emotional eating - that's eating too much food because of how you feel, not because you’re hungry.

Sam
Appetite is the desire to eat food.

Rob
If you grab and go, you take something quickly because you don’t have much time.

Sam
Calling someone bananas is slang for silly or crazy.

Rob
If you roll your eyes, you move your eyes upwards to show you feel annoyed, bored or don’t believe what someone is telling you.

Sam
And finally, if someone is patronising you, they speak or behave towards you as if you were stupid or unimportant. That's the end of our programme, don’t forget to join us again soon for more topical discussion and useful vocabulary here at 6 Minute English. Bye everyone!

Rob
Bye bye!

廣播原稿中文翻譯有兩個目的。首先是幫助聽力有困難的讀者能夠快速了解原文的意思。而更重要的原因是,提供給練習英語口語表達的讀者訓練的素材。

由於每個人的知識範疇各不相同,因此碰到超出自己專長的領域,常常會啞口無言,無話可說。這對練習英語表達是一項非常難以克服的障礙。所以參考 6 分鐘英語的對白稿,既可以讓自我練習英語對話時有貼切適當的素材,同時也能順便學些道地的表達方式,實是一舉數得。

使用上,可以在聽完一、兩次原始廣播之後,試著一邊看中文謄本,一邊流利、正確地用英語說出文中的內容。多次練習之後,未來自然能夠在碰到同樣主題時與人侃侃而談。

BBC 6 minute English – Food and mood

點此看中文翻譯

薩姆
你好。這裡是 BBC 學習英語的 6 分鐘英語。我是薩姆。

羅伯
我是羅伯。

薩姆
當一個人感到悲傷或心情不好的時候,他們常常試圖透過吃他們最喜歡的食物來讓自己感覺好一些……我自己通常會去吃花生醬三明治。你有喜歡的安慰性食物嗎,羅伯?

羅伯
安慰性食品是一種情緒性的飲食—吃很多食物是因為我們感到悲傷,而不是因為我們餓。但不幸的是,大多數安慰性食物都含有高碳水化合物和糖分,幾分鐘後,它讓我們感覺比以前更糟糕。

薩姆
今天,對我們的飲食和我們的感覺之間的關係的科學研究正在增加。在這個節目中,我們將調查我們的食物和我們的情緒之間的聯繫。我們將聽到健康的飲食如何讓我們感覺更好,當然,我們也將學習一些新的詞彙。

羅伯
很好!但首先我有一個問題要問你,薩姆。將我們的飲食與我們的感覺聯繫起來的人提出了一個簡單的論點:你吃的食物向大腦提供營養和能量,而大腦控制著我們的情緒。現在,這可能聽起來很簡單,但大腦是食物和我們情緒之間聯繫的一個重要環節。所以,薩姆,我的問題是:身體的總能量中有多少是被大腦消耗掉的?是
a) 10%
b) 20%或
c) 30%?

薩姆
嗯,這是個好問題。我說是 a)10%。

羅伯
好,我將在節目中稍後揭曉答案。情緒性飲食通常是由抑鬱、焦慮或壓力的感覺引起的。患有抑鬱症的廚師丹尼.愛德華茲在一個可以想像到的壓力最大的地方工作—繁忙的餐廳廚房。BBC 世界服務節目《食物鏈》向丹尼詢問了他在工作中的飲食習慣。

丹尼.愛德華茲
實際上,當你長期在廚房環境中工作時,你的食慾會受到抑制,因為你有時不想吃東西,或者你不覺得你可以停下來吃東西,以及所有這些。所以,很多時候都是隨手抓點東西吃,顯然,我們知道,這對我們來說不是好事……所以你會去吃一些快速的東西,因此,為什麼很多廚師的飲食習慣都很差。

薩姆
儘管他被食物包圍著,但丹尼說,在壓力下工作實際上會降低他的食慾—你想吃東西的感覺。在一個繁忙的廚房裡,沒有時間坐下來吃飯,所以丹尼不得不抓緊時間,因為他沒有太多的時間,所以要快速地吃一些東西,儘管他知道這不是很健康。

羅伯
那麼,當連廚師都與食物間關係困難時,我們其他人呢?費利斯.傑卡教授是一位營養精神病學專家。她研究了吃健康飲食—諸如新鮮水果和蔬菜、全麥穀物和橄欖油等食物—對患有抑鬱症的人的影響。傑卡教授發現,心理健康得到改善的病人正是那些也改善了飲食的病人。

薩姆
但是傑卡教授的想法並沒有被所有人接受。在這裡,她向英國廣播公司世界服務節目《食物鏈》的主持人喬丹.鄧巴解釋了她的研究面臨來自其他醫生的反對。

費利斯.傑卡教授
所以我提議在我的博士研究中這樣做,每個人都認為我有點瘋狂,你知道,有相當多的,我想,也許是翻白眼。我對此並不感到驚訝,因為精神病學的學科非常注重藥物治療和大腦。

喬丹.鄧巴
在這個領域裡人們怎麼說?他們是否持懷疑態度?

費利斯.傑卡教授
哦,非常懷疑,有時還非常傲慢。但這又來自於這樣一個事實,即全科醫生、精神病醫生、醫學專家在所有這些年的學習中幾乎沒有得到任何營養培訓。

羅伯
當傑卡教授調查食物和情緒之間的聯繫時,她的同事認為她是香蕉人—一個俚語,意思是愚蠢或瘋狂。他們翻白眼—這個短語描述了將眼睛向上翻以表達惱怒、無聊或不相信的姿態。

薩姆
其他同事對她愛理不理—他們對她的行為就像她很愚蠢或不重要。傑卡教授認為這是因為大多數醫生很少或沒有接受過有關營養和食物對心理健康影響的培訓。但是她的開創性研究,即「微笑試驗」,已經在其他地方成功地重複了,清楚地表明了吃得好和感覺好之間的聯繫。

羅伯
因此,當你下次感到沮喪,你的大腦在呼喚一個甜甜圈的時候,你可能最好吃一個蘋果。說到大腦,山姆,是時候揭示我問題的答案了。

薩姆
是的,你問我身體的能量有多少是由大腦消耗掉的。我猜測是百分之十…

羅伯
好吧,我恐怕你錯了。事實上,身體約有 20% 的能量用於供養大腦,儘管它只佔我們身體總重量的 2%。好吧,讓我們回顧一下我們在討論情緒化飲食時學到的詞彙—那是由於你的感覺而吃了太多的食物,而不是因為你餓了。

薩姆
食慾是指對食物的渴望。

羅伯
如果你抓起就走,你就會迅速拿起一些東西,因為你沒有多少時間。

薩姆
稱呼某人為香蕉是俚語,意思是愚蠢或瘋狂。

羅伯
如果你翻白眼,你把眼睛往上移,表示你感到惱火、無聊或不相信別人告訴你的事情。

薩姆
最後,如果有人對你頤指氣使,他們對你的言行舉止就好像你很愚蠢或不重要。我們的節目到此結束,別忘了不久後再來參加我們的節目,在 6 分鐘英語裡有更多的主題討論和有用的詞彙。大家再見!

羅伯
再見!

雅思口說密集速成

從入門到精通 密集系列教學 實體/雲端/一對一

Related Posts

Leave Comments