By 謝忠理 on Saturday, 25 February 2023
Category: 經濟學人

烏克蘭的未來—《經濟學人》懶人包 No. 9335 (2023/02/25)

烏克蘭的未來:如何贏得烏克蘭的熱戰和隨之而來的冷戰?經過一年的戰鬥,接下來是什麼?在戰鬥中,以及在之後漫長的全副武裝的對峙中,只有當普京,或者更有可能是他的繼任者,認為進一步的侵略會嚴重削弱他在國內的實力時,烏克蘭才會取得勝利。西方領導人需要向俄羅斯表明他們的決心,並讓自己的人民為未來的對抗做好準備。這就是為什麼他們在紀念戰鬥的第二年時,應該超越泛泛之論,承諾為一場長期鬥爭制定更為可靠的藍圖。

【經典美語】獨家課程

《經濟學人》即時精修班

全台灣獨一無二的英語進修課程

每周三,即時精修班利用《經濟學人》綜合五大洋七大洲,橫跨政治、經濟、社會、文化各面向的精彩報導與分析,引領讀者進入英語閱讀與寫作的高級殿堂。統合字彙、文法、句型、結構、邏輯、背景知識,提供學者全方位的英語學習體驗。

課程說明請點選下列按鈕,並歡迎預約試聽 (實體、雲端)。

  • 一周大事

    The world this week

  • 政治

    Politics

    Ukraine, Kiev - February 20, 2023Meeting of the US President Joe Biden with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky

    一周政治大事回顧。

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  • 商業

    Business

    WASHINGTON, DC - FEBRUARY 21: The Supreme Court of the United States on Captiol Hill, photographed on Tuesday, Feb. 21, 2023 in Washington, DC. (Kent Nishimura / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)

    一周經濟大事摘要。

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  • 社論

    Leaders

  • 社論

    The future of Ukraine

    如何贏得烏克蘭的熱戰和隨之而來的冷戰?經過一年的戰鬥,接下來是什麼?

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  • 社論

    Not enough Wende

    在德國總理奧拉夫.肖爾茨承諾轉型一年後發現,他做得太少了。雖然能源政策已經發生了根本性的改變,但在國防方面則要少得多。

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  • 社論

    Making America greater

    喬.拜登的新邊境政策激怒了極端分子。這是好事。因為這些政策將堅韌與慷慨相結合,朝著正確方向邁出了一步。

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  • 社論

    Irrational interest

    南非在外交上向俄羅斯和中國示好,此舉損害了南非,也損害了世界。

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  • 社論

    Tighter belt, shorter road

    中國並沒有解決其過去的對外貸款錯誤,但它正在從這些錯誤中學習。

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  • 投書

    Letters

  • 投書

    Letters

    South Korean soldiers from 25th infantry division, Army Tiger demonstration brigade team, take part in their joint military exercise with U.S. army soldiers from 2nd Infantry Division, Stryker Brigade Combat Team (SBCT) near the demilitarized zone separating the two Koreas in Paju, South Korea, January 13, 2023. REUTERS/Kim Hong-Ji

    關於韓國和烏克蘭、ChatGPT、英國的腐敗、莫爾達瓦、玻利維亞、語源學等,寫給編輯的信件精選。

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  • 邀稿

    By Invitation

  • 邀稿

    Russia and Ukraine

    英國前國家安全顧問馬克.塞德維爾談在烏克蘭戰鬥的一年以及從戰爭中得到的寶貴經驗。

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  • 邀稿

    Africa and the world

    蘇丹暨英國的億萬富翁莫.易卜拉欣談改革國際金融機構的必要性,他認為更多的非洲人參與至關重要。

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  • 簡報

    Briefing

  • 簡報

    A year of war: Geopolitics in flux

    烏克蘭的命運將決定西方在世界上的權威,復仇主義分子的入侵已經成為一場意識形態的鬥爭。

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  • 簡報

    A year of war: Keeping the guns blazing

    西方正在努力打造一個新的民主軍火庫,武器的生產將增加,但對於未來的衝突以及烏克蘭來說可能太慢了。

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  • 簡報

    A year of war: Militarising Russia

    入侵行動停滯不前,但普京對異議人士的鎮壓仍在進行中,俄羅斯社會幾乎和蘇聯時期一樣封閉和壓抑。

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  • 簡報

    A year of war: Ukraine’s self-belief

    戰爭正在使烏克蘭成為一個西方國家,但其代價卻令人震驚。

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  • 簡報

    A hail of destruction

    衛星資料顯示烏克蘭境內戰鬥的廣大範圍,戰爭的傷痕可以在前線以外的地方找到。

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  • 美國

    United States

  • 美國

    America’s industrial policy

    國家補貼助長了美國的電動車熱潮,但有可能導致產能過剩。個別情況下,各國的行動是明智的;但集體而言,風險正在增加。

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  • 美國

    Ghost of the machine

    FILE -- Mayor Lori Lightfoot of Chicago, Aug. 3, 2021. The mayors of New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago and Houston have banded together as they confront violent crime, homelessness and other similar challenges. (Akilah Townsend/The New York Times)Credit: New York Times / Redux / eyevineFor further information please contact eyevinetel: +44 (0) 20 8709 8709e-mail: info@eyevine.comwww.eyevine.com

    芝加哥可能在第一輪就把市長羅莉.萊特福德淘汰出局了,現任職位不再賦予其選舉優勢。

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  • 美國

    The fire and the fury

    Drone footage shows the freight train derailment in East Palestine, Ohio, U.S., February 6, 2023 in this screengrab obtained from a handout video released by the NTSB. NTSBGov/Handout via REUTERSTHIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY.

    俄亥俄州火車出軌事件正在變成一場政治馬戲團,川普的機會主義能起到什麼作用嗎?

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  • 美國

    Land of the fat

    Lunchtime at Para Los Ninos where the school contracts with Revolution Foods to provide healthy a nutritious meals to its students. The school also does fundraising, so it can provide the meals to needy students at a reduced cost or free of charge. (Photo by Robert Gauthier/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)

    加州的基督教徒可能有辦法解決美國的肥胖問題:安息日會教徒的長壽教訓。

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  • 美國

    A new awakening

    肯塔基州的一所基督教學院經歷了一場宗教覺醒,而宗教的復甦顯示年輕的福音派人士對信仰的看法與他們的父母不同。

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  • 美國

    Lexington

    「自由」是美國的最新政治足球,但在右翼和左翼,政治家們都在摸索著對它的新定義。

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  • 美洲

    The Americas

  • 美洲

    A new chapter

    喬.拜登需要墨西哥在移民問題上的合作,而美國政府希望新方法將帶來變革。

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  • 美洲

    Not delivering the goods

    2CBTA88 Delivery workers for Rappi and other delivery apps protest as part of a strike to demand better wages and working conditions, amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Bogota, Colombia August 15, 2020. REUTERS/Luisa Gonzalez

    哥倫比亞總統古斯塔沃.彼得羅想扼殺打工經濟,但左翼人士必須應付憤怒的計程車司機。

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  • 美洲

    A small, necessary step

    VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA - MAY 03: Geoffrey Bordas, 37, of Ontario, a fentanyl addict who also works at the Overdose Prevention Society (OPS), prepares an injection of fentanyl to be given to himself at OPS in the Downtown Eastside (DTES) neighborhood on Tuesday, May 3, 2022 in Vancouver, British Columbia. OPS is a supervised consumption site in the DTES giving addicts who use fentanyl, opioids, crystal methamphetamine and other drugs a place to use and get harm reduction supplies; clean syringes, alcohol swabs, sterile water, tourniquets, spoons and filters. On April 14, 2016, provincial health officer Dr. Perry Kendall declared a public health emergency under the Public Health Act due to the significant rise in opioid-related overdose deaths reported in B.C. since the beginning of 2016. (Gary Coronado / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)

    加拿大卑詩省已將毒品除罪化,其大膽嘗試將在其他地方受到密切關注。

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  • 亞洲

    Asia

  • 亞洲

    The indispensable archipelago

    美國在菲律賓獲得了九個軍事基地的使用權,因菲律賓靠近臺灣,使其成為西方戰略的核心。

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  • 亞洲

    Renewable energy

    NEW DELHI, INDIA - JUNE 22: Red chili placed for drying process near the solar panel placed outside a temporary settlement along the Yamuna river in New Delhi on the World Sustainable Energy Day on June 22, 2022. (Photo by Pankaj Nangia/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)

    印度的太陽能發電的推廣受挫,保護主義正在扼殺太陽能電池板的供應。

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  • 亞洲

    Crypto-heist

    FILE - In this photo provided by the North Korean government, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un attends a military parade to mark the 75th founding anniversary of the Korean People's Army on Kim Il Sung Square in Pyongyang, North Korea Wednesday, Feb. 8, 2023. Independent journalists were not given access to cover the event depicted in this image distributed by the North Korean government. The content of this image is as provided and cannot be independently verified. Korean language watermark on image as provided by source reads:

    朝鮮駭客去年盜取了創紀錄的 17 億美元的加密貨幣,但調查人員在破解駭客方面的能力越來越強。

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  • 亞洲

    Banyan

    緊跟德川家的步伐:新繼任的幕府將軍反思家族歷史和日本迫在眉睫的社會變革。

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  • 中國

    China

  • 中國

    Proxies and peril

    烏克蘭的衝突有可能激化中美之間的競爭,烏克蘭總統說,如果中國與俄羅斯聯手,就會有一場世界大戰。

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  • 中國

    In the net

    2HJ7937 Soccer Football - World Cup - Asian Qualifiers - Group B - Japan v China - Saitama Stadium, Saitama, Japan - January 27, 2022 China's Yuning Zhang in action with Japan's Ko Itakura REUTERS/Issei Kato

    中國向足球界的腐敗行為宣戰,中國對一項明顯的國家弱點進行了反思。

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  • 中國

    Policy maize

    HANDAN, CHINA - SEPTEMBER 23, 2022 - (FILE) Villagers dry the corn harvest in Handan city, Hebei province, China, Sept 23, 2022. On December 12, 2022, the National Bureau of Statistics released the announcement on the grain output data for 2022: China's total grain output in 2022 was 1.373.06 billion jin, an increase of 7.36 billion jin or 0.5% over the previous year, and the grain output remained above 1.30 trillion jin for eight consecutive years. (Photo credit should read CFOTO/Future Publishing via Getty Images)

    中國對轉基因作物的態度是否在改變?中國正在對基改作物放寬限制。

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  • 中國

    Chaguan

    中國的退休老人為什麼要抗議?中國的百姓凡事都已經受夠了,但他們還沒到要反叛的地步。

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  • 中東非洲

    Middle East & Africa

  • 中東非洲

    Not so neutral

    南非為何漸漸進入中俄兩國的軌道?許多南非國大黨的精英都同情俄羅斯。

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  • 中東非洲

    Scorpions can be cuddly

    2D67WCN Black emperor scorpion on the sand

    奈及利亞的蠍子貿易。

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  • 中東非洲

    Workers of the world

    A visitor sits on a couch to use her laptop computer at the i-Hub technology innovation center in Nairobi, Kenya, on Thursday, July 23, 2015. Together, the entrepreneurs come up with concepts like Ushahidi, the open-source software that's used to share information and interactive maps to prevent conflicts and help aid agencies provide relief in disaster zones. Photographer: Waldo Swiegers/Bloomberg via Getty Images

    年輕的非洲人正在登錄和打卡:網際網路創造了新的工作種類,但不平等的模式依然存在。

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  • 中東非洲

    Cutting your losses

    Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal Bin Farhan Al Saud speaks during a news conference with his Iraqi counterpart Fouad Hussein during his visit to Baghdad, Iraq, Thursday, Feb. 2, 2023. (AP Photo/Hadi Mizban)

    沙烏地阿拉伯正在與它曾經試圖推翻的政權進行和解,包括敘利亞與葉門叛軍。

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  • 中東非洲

    Could his kingdom come?

    Reza Pahlavi, activist, advocate and oldest son of the last Shah of Iran, attends a panel discussion at the Munich Security Conference (MSC) in Munich, southern Germany, on February 18, 2023. - The Munich Security Conference running from February 17 to 19, 2023 brings world leaders together ahead of the first anniversary of Russia's invasion of Ukraine as Kyiv steps up pleas for more weapons. (Photo by Odd ANDERSEN / AFP) (Photo by ODD ANDERSEN/AFP via Getty Images)

    伊朗最後一位國王的兒子競逐重回王位,對皇室熱情的一陣噴發暗示著缺乏其他選擇。

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  • 歐洲

    Europe

  • 歐洲

    The slow shift of Mr Scholz

    一年來,德國總理奧拉夫.肖爾茨的轉型承諾只得到部分兌現,而德國的武裝力量疲軟不堪。

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  • 歐洲

    Neither shock nor awe

    FILE - This image provided by the Ukrainian Armed Forces and taken in February 2023 shows damaged Russian tanks in a field after an attack on Vuhledar, Ukraine. The coal-mining town on Ukraine's eastern front has emerged as a critical hot spot in Donetsk province. Securing the town would give both Ukrainian forces and Russian troops a tactical upper hand in the greater battle for the Donbas region. (Ukrainian Armed Forces via AP, File)

    俄羅斯吹噓的第二次攻勢是一場空。普京正在耗盡點子和彈藥。

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  • 歐洲

    The might of miltech

    KHARKIV REGION, UKRAINE - NOVEMBER 4, 2022 - The Khartiia territorial community volunteer unit practice flying drones for military intelligence, Kharkiv Region, northeastern Ukraine. (Photo credit should read Vyacheslav Madiyevskyy / Ukrinform/Future Publishing via Getty Images)

    烏克蘭的科技創業者轉向軍事事務:好幾十名企業家正在改進無人機和瞄準系統。

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  • 歐洲

    Ukraine’s tiger queen

    Natalia Popova, 50, pets a tiger at her animal shelter in Kyiv region, Ukraine, Thursday, Aug. 4, 2022. Popova, in cooperation with the animal protection organisation UA Animals, has already saved more than 300 animals from the war, 200 of them were sent abroad, and 100 found a home in most western regions of Ukraine, which are considered to be safer. (AP Photo/Efrem Lukatsky)

    拯救烏克蘭野生動物的女人。

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  • 歐洲

    Charlemagne

    為什麼普京永遠不會在海牙受審?

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  • 英國

    Britain

  • 英國

    Protospasm

    英國首相里希.蘇納克為使英國脫歐成功而進行的艱苦奮鬥在北愛爾蘭展開,他面臨著來自國會的強硬派和貝爾法斯特的工會成員的慣常反對。

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  • 英國

    True crime

    LANCASHIRE, UNITED KINGDOM - FEBRUARY 21: Floral tributes to Nicola Bulley adorn the bench where Nicolaâs mobile phone and dog were found next to the river Wyre in St Michaelâs on Wyre, where she disappeared in Lancashire, United Kingdom on February 21, 2023. The body of the married mother of two was found on Sunday 19th February, one mile from where she was last seen on 27th January 2023. The 45 year old disappeared while walking her dog after dropping her children off at school for the day. Her mobile phone was found, still connected to a work conference call she had been attending. A major search operation of the river and surrounding areas was conducted over 23 days until her body was located nearby. (Photo by Lindsey Parnaby/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)

    尼古拉.布麗和社交媒體偵探的時代:一名失蹤的英國人的案件說明了警方面臨的一個巨大挑戰。

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  • 英國

    Nice to have

    Trainee engineers from BT Openreach, a unit of BT Group Plc, carry out work at the top of telegraph poles at the company's training facility at West Hanningfield, U.K., on Thursday, Jan. 19, 2017. The U.K.'s communications regulator, seeking to spur a roll-out of fiber broadband to homes and businesses, is proposing changes to BT Group Plc's network to ease access for competitors. Photographer: Chris Ratcliffe/Bloomberg via Getty Images

    英國最大的技能問題是許多公司不重視技能,因為太多的工作幾乎不需要教育。

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  • 英國

    Found in translation

    Picture shows - Staff in the office at work in BBC Monitoring, Caversham Park.

    古巴導彈危機的結束是在伯克希爾的一棟鄉村別墅中首次聽到的。這個監聽世界的 BBC 監測站正在求售。

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  • 英國

    Courting disaster

    Copyright by Peter Jordan Story by Carri-Anne Taylor General view of Inner London Crown Court where Keith Walker Age 70 was found guilty of a indecent sexual assault charge on Karen Reddin-Taylor age 52 from Plymouth which happened 35 years ago. Today Tuesday 8thJanuary 2019 The Sun Picture by Peter Jordan

    為什麼搖搖欲墜的法院會使英國的審判積壓情況惡化?

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  • 英國

    Referee!

    BURY, ENGLAND - AUGUST 28: Fans gather outside Gigg Lane Stadium the home of Bury Football Club who have been expelled from the English Football League (EFL) on August 28, 2019 in Bury, England. After an historic membership of 125 years the EFL have expelled Bury FC after a buyer for the club was not secured. (Photo by Christopher Furlong/Getty Images)

    英國政府希望監管機構能將足球從財務困境中拯救出來。

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  • 英國

    Bagehot

    讓參加伊斯蘭國的沙米瑪.貝古姆回來,然後把她關進監獄:英國為何應該放棄放逐政策。

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  • 國際

    International

  • 國際

    A home from home

    烏克蘭難民絕望的不確定人生:俄羅斯入侵一年後,有些人急於返家,但另一些人正在紮下新的根基。

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  • 商業

    Business

  • 商業

    The Altasian option

    全球企業都在關注中國製造業的亞洲替代方案,這些非中國的亞洲工業國能否搶走中國的風頭?

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  • 商業

    Refurbishing the boardroom

    The boardroom table in the boardroom of UniCredit SpA at the company's headquarters in Milan, Italy, on Sunday July 31, 2022. UniCredit top corporate and investment bankers are betting on surging demand for risk products in the most volatile market in a decade, and taking deal-making business from rivals to help meet ambitious revenue targets set down by Chief Executive Officer Andrea Orcel. Photographer: Francesca Volpi/Bloomberg via Getty Images

    對公司董事會的要求比以往更加強烈,填補董事會席位從未如此困難。

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  • 商業

    Bartleby

    低調的行事風格有其弊端,也帶來了好處。

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  • 商業

    Everyday low profits

    A shopper pushes a cart through the parking lot of a Walmart on the morning of Black Friday in Wilmington, Delaware, on November 25, 2022. - With inflation on the rise, retailers are expecting that many shoppers will be looking for especially good deals as discretionary spending falls. (Photo by Samuel Corum / AFP) (Photo by SAMUEL CORUM/AFP via Getty Images)

    零售巨頭沃爾瑪預測銷售將減弱。

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  • 商業

    Pay as you post

    Anwar Almojarkesh (L) and Alan Chalabi (R) from England take a photo at Meta (formerly Facebook) corporate headquarters in Menlo Park, California on November 9, 2022. - Facebook owner Meta will lay off more than 11,000 of its staff in

    廣告業務步履蹣跚,Facebook 推出訂閱服務。Meta 與 Twitter 和 Snap 一起推出付費層級服務。

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  • 商業

    Mathias in the middle

    FILE: Mathias Doepfner, chief executive officer of Axel Springer SE, poses for a photograph on the construction site of German publishing house's new digital headquarters in Berlin, Germany, on Friday, July 20, 2018. KKR & Co. is seeking to buy out minority shareholders of Axel Springer SE in a deal that would value the German publisher at about 6.8 billion euros ($7.7 billion). Photographer: Rolf Schulten/Bloomberg via Getty Images

    阿克塞爾.斯普林格正在全力投入美國市場,這家富有爭議的德國出版商認為它能征服數位新聞市場。

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  • 商業

    Schumpeter

    是時候讓 Alphabet 分拆 YouTube 了,它可能比 Netflix 更有價值。

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  • 財經

    Finance & economics

  • 財經

    Time for the tab

    全世界的利息支出為 13 兆美元,而且還在增加中。《經濟學人》計算了誰在利率上升中受到的打擊最大。

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  • 財經

    Farewell to Africa

    Men work with trucks at the Mirador mine of Ecuadorian Ecuacorriente, subsidiary of China's CRCC-Tongguan consortium, in Tundayme, Zamora Chinchipe in southeastern Ecuador on July 18, 2019, during the beginning of operations of Ecuador's largest copper mine. (Photo by Rodrigo BUENDIA / AFP) (Photo credit should read RODRIGO BUENDIA/AFP via Getty Images)

    習近平的下一場海外借貸革命:歡迎進入中國債務的新時代。

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  • 財經

    Reserve judgment

    EFEPCX Seoul, South Korea city skyline.

    亞洲大型經濟體與國際資本的力量抗衡,並且勝出。他們現在正在重建他們的軍火庫。

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  • 財經

    Buttonwood

    儘管有看漲的論調,但是華爾街對投資中國有所保留。

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    Budgeting for conflict

    Düsseldorf 22.02.2023 Fahrrad Fahrradfahren Radfahren Fahrradfahrer Kettenschaltung Fahrradkette Herrenrad Herrenfahrrad Einkaufskorb Mobilitätswende Verkehrswende Fahrradweg Radweg Strassenkreuzung Strassenverkehr Unfallgefahr Autos Düsseldorf Nordrhein-Westfalen Deutschland *** Duesseldorf 22 02 2023 bicycle cycling cyclist derailleur bicycle chain mens bicycle mens bicycle shopping basket mobility turnaround traffic turnaround bicycle path bicycle lane road crossing road traffic accident danger cars Duesseldorf North Rhine Westphalia Germany

    俄烏戰爭對歐洲經濟造成了什麼影響?能源危機之後是低成長和頑強的通貨膨脹。

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  • 財經

    Free exchange

    完美的氣候變化貸款人會是什麼樣子?歡迎來到第二個布列敦森林體系。

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  • 科技

    Science & technology

  • 科技

    Scientific malpractice

    醫學研究中存在著令人擔憂的欺詐現象,而且令人擔憂的是,他們不願意對此採取任何行動。

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  • 文化

    Culture

  • 文化

    The singer and the song

    在歌手 Young Thug 的重大審判中,說唱 (rap) 歌詞被用作證據。其在法庭上的使用引發了偏見和言論自由的問題。

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  • 文化

    European history

    Les chantiers navals de Gdansk en grève en août 1980, Pologne. (Photo by Marc BULKA/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

    英國歷史學家蒂莫西.加頓.阿什穿越歐洲,走進歐洲的過去。《家園》是一次大陸範圍內的記憶之旅。

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  • 文化

    World in a dish

    REH0RN Hot Mexican Spicy Chili Red Sauce Salsa Macha with Red Pepper Powder in Jar. Traditional Organic Food.

    辣椒脆片的興起是對食品如何成為流行趨勢的一項研究。在新冠封城中,西方的人們發現了一種古老的中國調味品。

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  • 文化

    America’s Federal Reserve

    一本新書追溯了美聯儲非凡權力的演變過程,在拯救經濟之後,強大的中央銀行面臨著它的極限。

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  • 文化

    Fiction from Trinidad

    Flock of circling turkey vultures with looming clouds and bright sun

    在《饑餓的幽靈》中,千里達島過去的幽靈困擾著這個島嶼。凱文.傑瑞德.霍森的小說巧妙地將生者和死者融合在一起。

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  • 文化

    Back Story

    一位衣索比亞王子是如何被埋葬在溫莎城堡的?其故事是一則關於殖民時代掠奪的痛苦和內疚的寓言。

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  • 釋義

    The Economist explains

  • 釋義

    The Economist explains釋義

    什麼是「黃金簽證」?以及為什麼它們如此具有爭議性,特別是在歐洲。

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  • 釋義

    The Economist explains釋義

    US Representative Louie Gohmert (R-TX) speaks during a news conference on Section 230 outside the US Capitol in Washington, DC, on April 27, 2022. (Photo by Stefani Reynolds / AFP) (Photo by STEFANI REYNOLDS/AFP via Getty Images)

    什麼是第 230 章?這部規範網路通信的法律正擺在最高法院面前。

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  • 訃告

    Obituary

  • 訃告

    What madness looks like

    瘋狂的模樣:漸漸地,被圍困的巴赫穆特城正在被所有人拋棄。眼下烏克蘭戰爭的焦點已經成了一片荒地。

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