Neil
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Neil.

Beth
And I'm Beth.

Neil
Every country has its own favourite foods. So, when people leave home and move to a different country, getting used to the new food there can be a surprise.

Beth
Food can have strange-sounding names. If you know what a toad is, it's an animal, very similar to a frog, you might be surprised to hear that a famous English meal is 'toad-in-the-hole'. Don't worry though, it's made with sausages, not toads!

Neil
In this programme, we're exploring people's first impressions of a new culture through its food. We'll be hearing how two women, one a refugee, the other a dietitian, adapted to the food of their new home. And, as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary too.

Beth
But first, I have a question for you, Neil. A British summer wouldn't be complete without a traditional 'cream tea' – scones, cream, and jam, eaten with a cup of tea. It sounds lovely, but strangely there have been many arguments over cream teas. So, is the cream tea debate about:
a)    whether to drink tea or coffee?
b)    whether to put cream or jam onto the scone first? or,
c)    whether strawberry or raspberry jam is better?

Neil
Well, I think the controversy is whether to add cream or jam first.

Beth
OK, Neil. I'll reveal the correct answer later in the programme. Natalia Tkachenko arrived in the Netherlands after leaving her home in Ukraine, following the Russian invasion. She moved in with Weronika Groszewska, who's originally from Poland, and her family, starting them on a journey to open their own restaurant, Natalia's Kitchen. Here's Natalia talking with BBC World Service programme, 'The Food Chain':

Natalia Tkachenko
Of course, at first it felt like I am well out of, what they call, my comfort zone. When you stay in a certain environment you get used to it, but when you move to another country where you live and work, you experience difficulties, and you have to adapt to get used to local foods. Here, they don't have some of the staples we had in Ukraine, ingredients are different, and so you start working with local foods, find replacements, cook with what you have.

Neil
At first, Natalia felt out of her comfort zone, a familiar situation in which someone feels secure and in control. She had to adapt to her new life in the Netherlands, she had to change in order to succeed in her new situation.

Beth
Some of the staple ingredients Natalia used in Ukraine weren't available in the Netherlands. A staple is a basic and important type of food that is regularly eaten by a large portion of the population. So, Natalia adapted her recipes, replacing Ukrainian with Dutch ingredients to create a new kind of cooking which her customers loved.

Neil
Our second story involves Rachel Winter-Roach, who left her home in England to work on the sunny island of Tobago, in the southern Caribbean. Here, Rachel explains some of the food challenges she faced to BBC World Service programme, 'The Food Chain':

Rachel Winter-Roach
When I came out to the Caribbean, I was really in for a shock when it came to flavouring and seasoning food, and seasoning is really, really an integral part of food preparation here.

Here, the seasoning is multiple, multiple layers. It took me a while to get used to it because everybody has their own way of seasoning and their own little tweaks, and there are no quantities, so it really takes a lot of practice, a lot of trial and error, and I think my family did not always appreciate the errors in the trials.

Beth
When Rachel moved to Tobago, she was in for a shock. The phrase to be in for a shock means to be sure of experiencing a surprising or unpleasant situation. In Rachel's case, the surprise involved seasoning - the salt, herbs and spices added to food to enhance the flavour.

Neil
In the Caribbean, seasoning is a big deal. Everyone has their own seasoning recipe, including little tweaks, or small adjustments, which they have added themselves. It took time for Rachel to develop her seasoning skills, mainly through trial and error - a way of solving problems by trying a number of different methods and learning from the mistakes you make along the way.

Beth
Whether you're fleeing war, starting a new job, or enjoying a cream tea, it seems there's lots to learn about a place from its food, including Britain. So, I think it's time to reveal the answer to my question, Neil. Why is the traditional British cream tea controversial?

Neil
Well, I guessed it was because people disagree about whether cream or jam should go on the scone first.

Beth
Which was the correct answer. And anyone who says it's jam first is just wrong! OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned in this programme, starting with comfort zone, a situation in which you feel comfortable and in control.

Neil
To adapt means to change so as to successfully fit in with a new situation.

Beth
A staple is a basic and important type of food that is regularly eaten by a large portion of the population.

Neil
The phrase to be in for a shock means to be guaranteed to experience a surprising or unpleasant situation.

Beth
A tweak is a small adjustment to something in order to improve it.

Neil
And finally, if you solve a problem by trial and error, you try a number of different methods and learn from the mistakes you make. Once again, our six minutes are up, and remember to join us again, here at 6 Minute English. Goodbye for now!

Beth
Bye!

尼爾
您好。這裡是 BBC 學習英語的六分鐘英語。我是尼爾。

貝絲
我是貝絲。

尼爾
每個國家都有自己喜歡的食物。因此，當人們離家搬到不同的國家時，要適應那裡的新食物可能會是一個驚喜。

貝絲
食物可能有聽起來很奇怪的名字。如果您知道蟾蜍是什麼，那是一種和青蛙很相似的動物，那麼您可能會很訝異聽到一種著名的英式餐點是 「toad-in-the-hole」。不過別擔心，那是用香腸做的，不是蟾蜍！

尼爾
在這個節目中，我們將透過食物來探索人們對新文化的第一印象。我們將聽到兩位女性，一位是難民，另一位是營養師，如何適應新家園的食物。一如往常，我們也將學到一些有用的新字彙。

貝絲
但首先，我有一個問題要問您，尼爾。如果沒有傳統的「英式奶油茶點」——烤餅、奶油和果醬，再配上一杯茶，英國的夏天是不完整的。聽起來很可愛，但奇怪的是，關於奶油茶的爭論一直不斷。那麼，英式奶油茶點的爭論是關於
a) 喝茶還是喝咖啡？
b) 在烤餅上先放奶油還是果醬？
c) 草莓醬好還是覆盆子醬好？

尼爾
我認為爭論的重點在於先加奶油還是先加果醬。

貝絲
好的，尼爾。我稍後會在節目中揭曉正確答案。Natalia Tkachenko 在俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭後，離家來到荷蘭。她與來自波蘭的 Weronika Groszewska 及其家人同住，開始了開設自己餐廳 Natalia's Kitchen 的旅程。以下是 Natalia 與 BBC World Service 節目「食物鏈」的對談：

Natalia Tkachenko
當然，一開始的時候，我覺得自己好像離開了他們所說的舒適區。當您待在某個環境中就會習慣，但當您搬到另一個國家生活和工作時，您就會遇到困難，您必須適應，才能習慣當地的食物。在這裡，他們沒有我們在烏克蘭的一些主食，食材也不一樣，所以你要開始與當地食物合作，找到替代品，用你擁有的東西烹飪。

尼爾
一開始，Natalia 覺得自己離開了舒適區，在熟悉的環境中，她會感到安全並能掌控一切。她必須適應在荷蘭的新生活，她必須改變，才能在新的環境中取得成功。

貝絲
Natalia 在烏克蘭使用的一些主食材料在荷蘭是沒有的。主食是指大部分人口經常食用的一種基本且重要的食物。因此，Natalia修改了她的食譜，用荷蘭食材取代烏克蘭食材，創造出她的顧客喜愛的新烹飪方式。

尼爾
我們的第二個故事涉及 Rachel Winter-Roach，她離開英國的家，到加勒比海南部陽光明媚的多巴哥島工作。在此，Rachel 向 BBC World Service 節目「食物鏈」解釋她在食物方面所面臨的一些挑戰：

Rachel Winter-Roach
當我來到加勒比海時，當談到食物的調味和調味料時，我真的感到非常震驚，調味料在這裡真的是食物製作不可或缺的一部分。

在這裡，調味料是多重的。我花了好一陣子才習慣，因為每個人都有自己的調味方式和調整方法，而且沒有量的限制，所以真的需要大量的練習、嘗試和錯誤，我想我的家人並不總是很欣賞這些試驗中的錯誤。

貝絲
當 Rachel 搬到多巴哥時，她受到了很大的震撼「驚魂一瞬」這句話的意思是肯定會經歷令人驚訝或不愉快的狀況。在 Rachel 的例子中，驚訝涉及到調味料——添加到食物中以增添味道的鹽、香草和香料。

尼爾
在加勒比海，調味是一件大事。每個人都有自己的調味料配方，包括自己添加的小調整 。Rachel 花了很長的時間才培養出她的調味技巧，主要是透過不斷的嘗試與錯誤——嘗試許多不同的方法來解決問題，並從途中所犯的錯誤中學習。

貝絲
無論您是為了躲避戰爭、開始新的工作，或是享受英式奶油茶點，似乎都可以從食物中了解一個地方，包括英國。所以，我想是時候揭曉我的問題的答案了，尼爾。為什麼傳統的英國奶油茶點會引起爭議？

尼爾
嗯，我猜是因為人們對於奶油還是果醬應該先放在司康餅上有不同的看法。

貝絲
這是正確的答案。任何說要先放果醬的人都是錯的！好了，讓我們重溫一下本節目學到的詞彙，首先是舒適區域（comfort zone），在這種環境中，您會感到舒適並能控制局面。

尼爾
適應是指改變，以便成功地適應新的環境。

貝絲
主食是指大部分人口經常食用的一種基本且重要的食物。

尼爾
to be in for a shock這句話的意思是保證會遇到令人驚訝或不愉快的情況。

貝絲
tweak（調整） 是指為了改善某樣東西而對其進行的微小調整。

尼爾
最後，如果您透過嘗試和錯誤來解決問題 ，您會嘗試許多不同的方法，並從所犯的錯誤中學習。再一次，我們的六分鐘時間到了，記得再次加入我們，這裡是六分鐘英語。再見。

貝絲
再見。